Yam kev sib cog lus tiam twg yog qhov zoo tshaj?
Hauv kev kho hniav, cov neeg sawv cev sib txuas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo rov qab. Cov neeg sawv cev no yog siv los ua kom yooj yim adhesion ntawm cov qauv hniav thiab cov khoom siv kho dua tshiab xws li cov khoom sib xyaw lossis cov ceramics. Nrog kev nce qib hauv kev kho hniav thev naus laus zis, ntau tiam neeg ntawm kev sib koom ua ke tau tsim nrog ntau yam khoom thiab kev siv. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb txog ntau tiam neeg ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab sib tham txog cov tiam twg yuav suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
First Generation Bonding Agents
Thawj tiam kev sib raug zoo, tseem hu ua etch-thiab-rinse systems, tau qhia nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1950s. Cov tshuab no koom nrog kev siv cov kua qaub etchant, feem ntau phosphoric acid, tshem tawm cov smear txheej thiab tsim micromechanical tuav ntawm cov hniav. Tom qab ntawd cov kua qaub etchant tau muab yaug, thiab cov kua nplaum sib cais thiab tus neeg sawv cev sib txuas tau siv.
Txawm hais tias thawj tiam kev sib raug zoo cov neeg ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv kev ua tiav adhesion, lawv muaj ntau qhov kev txwv. Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog dej rhiab heev thaum siv. Cov dej tsis huv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm daim ntawv cog lus, ua rau kev rov ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau cov kauj ruam koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem thov ua rau lawv siv sijhawm thiab cov txheej txheem-rhiab heev.
Second Generation Bonding Agents
Txhawm rau hais txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm thawj tiam neeg sib koom ua ke, cov neeg ua haujlwm thib ob, tseem hu ua self-etching systems, tau qhia nyob rau xyoo 1980s. Cov tshuab no ua ke cov kua qaub etching thiab priming cov kauj ruam rau hauv ib qho kev daws teeb meem, ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem thov. Tus kheej-etching primer muaj ob qho tib si acidic thiab hydrophilic monomers, uas ib txhij etched tus hniav nto thiab yooj yim cob infiltration.
Thib ob-tiam bonding agents muab kev tiv thaiv kev ya raws zoo dua piv rau lawv cov neeg ua ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem muaj qee qhov kev txwv. Cov txheej txheem etching feem ntau tsis zoo dua li siv cov kua qaub cais tawm, ua rau cov ntawv cog lus tsis muaj zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub simultaneous etching thiab priming mechanism txwv kev tswj ntawm etch qhov tob thiab resin nkag.
Third Generation Bonding Agents
Thib peb-tiam kev sib raug zoo, tseem hu ua tag nrho-etch lossis etch-thiab-rinse systems, tau qhia hauv xyoo 1990. Cov txheej txheem no tau rov pib dua cov txheej txheem sib cais ntawm cov kua qaub, tso cai rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov enamel thiab dentin etching. Cov kua qaub etchant tau npaj cov hniav nto rau qhov zoo ntawm micromechanical retention, thaum tus neeg sawv cev sib txuas muab ib txheej resinous los ua raws li cov khoom siv kho dua tshiab.
Thib peb-tiam bonding agents muaj kev txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg piv rau tiam thib ob. Cov kauj ruam etching cais tau tso cai rau kev tswj xyuas qhov tob ntawm enamel thiab dentin etching, ua rau muaj zog thiab ruaj khov dua. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, suav nrog cov txheej txheem rhiab heev thiab lub peev xwm rau kev ua haujlwm tom qab ua haujlwm zoo vim muaj cov kab mob ntawm cov hniav.
Fourth Generation Bonding Agents
Plaub-tiam kev sib txuas cov neeg ua haujlwm, tseem hu ua tus kheej-etch lossis tus kheej-priming systems, tau qhia nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2000s. Cov txheej txheem no tsom kom yooj yim txoj kev sib txuas ntxiv los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kua qaub etching tag nrho. Tus kheej-etching primer muaj me ntsis acidic monomers uas ib txhij etched thiab primed tus hniav nto. Tom qab ntawd tus neeg sawv cev sib txuas tau siv ncaj qha rau saum cov primer.
Plaub-tiam kev sib txuas cov neeg ua haujlwm tau muab kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab txo cov txheej txheem rhiab heev. Los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kua qaub etching kauj ruam, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm enamel thiab dentin over-etching tau txo qis. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem tau ntsib cov teeb meem hauv kev ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv cov enamel uas tsis yog carious lossis sclerotic dentin.
Fifth Generation Bonding Agents
Fifth-generation bonding agents, tseem hu ua universal adhesive systems, tau pib thaum xyoo 2000s. Cov kab ke no tsom mus kov yeej cov kev txwv ntawm cov tiam dhau los los ntawm kev muab cov kev sib txuas lus sib txuas ua ke. Universal adhesives tuaj yeem siv rau ntau hom kev thov, suav nrog etch-thiab-rinse, nws tus kheej-etching, lossis xaiv etching, nyob ntawm tus kws kho mob nyiam thiab qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
Fifth-generation bonding agents muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev siv ntau yam thiab cov txheej txheem yooj yim nplaum nplaum. Lawv tau muab ib lub nplaum nplaum uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam txheej txheem kho dua tshiab, txo qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txhawj xeeb txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev ua neej ntev tseem muaj nyob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj.
Sixth Generation Bonding Agents
Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev pom zoo dav dav txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thib rau tiam thib ob. Qee cov kws tshaj lij tau faib cov tshuab nplaum thoob ntiaj teb tsis ntev los no ua rau tiam thib rau, hais txog lawv cov kev nce qib hauv kev sib koom tes thev naus laus zis thiab muaj peev xwm sib txuas rau ntau yam substrates. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv thiab kev siv tau yog tsim nyog los ua kom lawv cov kev faib tawm.
Xaus
Hauv kev xaus, kev xaiv ntawm tus neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ntau yam, nrog rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, qhov kev xav tau lub zog, thiab cov kws kho mob nyiam. Txhua tiam ntawm kev sib raug zoo cov neeg sawv cev muaj nws qhov zoo thiab cov kev txwv, nrog rau cov tiam tom ntej hais txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm lawv cov neeg ua ntej. Thaum lub thib tsib-tiam universal adhesive systems muaj ntau yam thiab yooj yim raws tu qauv, lawv cov kev ua tau zoo mus ntev yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas ntxiv. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum xav txog tus kheej cov cai ntawm txhua kis thiab xaiv tus neeg sawv cev sib txuas uas zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv cov kev xav tau kho mob.